安徽农业科学

[目的]探讨棉铃垂直分布对塔河2号、中棉9003、新塔棉5号、新陆中82号4个棉花品种产量与品质的影响。[方法]以塔河2号、中棉9003、新塔棉5号、新陆中82号为试验材料，通过分析不同垂直分布(上、中、下部)的棉铃样本，系统探究其对棉花产量构成因素及纤维品质的影响。[结果]棉铃垂直分布显著影响各品种的平均铃重、衣分等产量指标，其中塔河2号与中棉9003在上、中、下部平均铃重优势明显。棉铃垂直分布显著影响各品种的纤维长度、断裂比强度及马克隆值等品质指标，其中新陆中82号在纤维长度表现更优，断裂比强度表现适中，马克隆值表现偏低。[结论]4个品种均表现出较好的产量及纤维品质，满足Ⅱ型品种标准。大铃品种塔河2号与高衣分品种中棉9003产量优势明显，适合高产栽培；新塔棉5号马克隆值略高，更适用于粗支纱线的加工；新陆中82号纤维品质更稳定，适合纤维均匀性要求较高的区域种植。该研究结果可为棉花高产优质栽培中合理调控株型结构和棉铃空间分布提供理论依据。

[Objective]To explore the impact of the vertical distribution of cotton bolls on the yield and quality of four cotton varieties: Tahe 2, Zhongmian 9003, Xintamian 5, and Xinluzhong 82. [Method]Using Tahe 2, Zhongmian 9003, Xintamian 5, and Xinluzhong 82 as experimental materials, the impact different vertical distributions(upper, middle, and lower) of cotton bolls on the components of cotton yield and fiber quality was systematically analyzed by setting up samples. [Result]The vertical distribution of cotton bolls significantly affected the average boll weight, lint percentage and other yield indicators of each variety, in the advantage of average bolls weight in the upper, middle and lower parts of the Tahe 2 and Zhongmian 9003 was obvious. vertical distribution of cotton bolls significantly affected the fiber length, breaking tenacity, and micronaire value and other quality indicators of each variety.Arnong thwin, Xinluzhong 82 performs berrer in fiber length, hsa amoderate breaking srtength,and a relatively low micnonaire. [Conclusion]All four varieties showed better yield and fiber quality, meeting the standards of type II varieties. The big boll variety Tahe 2 and the high lint percentage variety Zhongmian 9003 had obvious yield advantages and were suitable for high-yield cultivation. The Xintamian 5 had a slightly higher micron value and was more suitable for processing of coarse yarn. The new Xinluzhong 82 had more stable fiber quality and was suitable for planting in areas with high requirements for fiberity. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable regulation of plant type structure and boll spatial distribution in high-yield and high-quality cotton cultivation.