安徽农业科学

在安徽省的北部、中部和南部选择5个已修复的矿山，对底盘、边坡、台阶和原生境进行样方调查和土壤样品采集与测试，分析不同生境下土壤理化性质对矿山植被生长状况的影响。结果表明：不同修复生境的植物种类不同，边坡物种数量最多，底盘和台阶次之，原生境最少，修复后生境植物种类大于原生境。底盘和边坡的植被盖度大于台阶，原生境的植被盖度均大于其他3种生境，矿山经过一段时间的修复，植被盖度逐渐接近于原生境的植被盖度。不同矿山的碳氮磷钾含量差异不大，修复后的生境碳氮磷钾含量高于原生境，修复后生境酶活性高于原生境，土壤酶的活性有利于土壤养分转化，对植物生长具有一定的促进作用。植被盖度与速效磷和速效钾呈负相关，物种丰富度和总有机碳、总磷、总钾、铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾、磷酸酶(EnzP)、脲酶(EnzN)、蔗糖酶(EnzC)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)均呈显著正相关。植物的生长状况与土壤的营养元素和酶活性显著相关，土壤中可利用的养分含量越高，植物生长的能力越强。

Five restored mines in the north, central, and southern parts of Anhui Province were selected. Quadrat surveys soil sample collection and testing were conducted in the basal disc, slopes, benches, and original habitats to analyze the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the growth status of vegetation under different habitats. The results showed that the plant species in different restored habitats were different, with the highest number of species on the slopes, by the basal disc and benches, and the fewest species in the original habitat. The plant species in the restored habitat were greater than those in the original habitat. The vegetation coverage of the basal disc and slopes was greater than that of the benches, and the vegetation coverage of the original habitat was greater than that of the other three habitats. After a period of restoration, the vegetation coverage of the mine gradually approached that of the original habitat. There was little difference in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium among different mines, and the content of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the restored habitat was higher than that in the original habitat. The activity in the restored habitat was higher than that in the original habitat, and the activity of soil enzymes was beneficial to the transformation of soil nutrients and had a certain promoting on plant growth. Vegetation coverage was negatively correlated with available phosphorus and available potassium, while species richness was significantly positively correlated with total organic carbon, total phosphorus, total potassium, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, phosphatase(EnzP), urease(EnzN), sucrase(EnzC), and catalase(CAT). The growth status of plants was significantly correlated with the nutritional elements and enzymes in the soil, and the higher the content of available nutrients in the soil, the stronger the ability of plant growth.