安徽农业科学

[目的]探究红树植物在海南岛的潜在适生区及分布潜力。[方法]选取红海兰、海榄雌、海莲和角果木4种红树植物,分别利用4个树种的分布位点数据,并结合生物气候、海洋水文环境、地形等环境因子对红树植物在海南岛的适生区进行预测分析。[结果]不同树种最适潜在分布区存在差异,海莲和角果木潜在适生区主要在北部和东线沿海,红海兰和海榄雌的适生区更偏向西部和南部沿海;影响不同树种分布的关键环境因子,如等温性、最干季平均气温、年均硝酸盐浓度等环境因子等的适宜范围有差异。[结论]海南红树林修复补种工作中应考虑不同树种的适生特性,西线和南部区域优先考虑选种海榄雌,其次为红海兰,北部和东部沿海则优先考虑选种海莲和角果木等本地树种;修复区面积则以北部的东寨港,南部的铁炉港、青梅港、三亚河,东线的清澜湾、冯家湾、沙美、小海、新村,西线的新盈港、新英湾、四必湾、白沙河湿地等区域为核心逐步向外围扩展。

[Objective]To predict the potential suitable habitats of mangrove plants on Hainan Island.[Method]Four species of mangrove forest,including Rhizophora stylosa,Avicennia marina,Bruguiera sexangular,and Ceriops tagal,were selected for predicting and analyzing their suitable habitats on Hainan Island by using the distribution site data of the four species and combining with environmental factors such as bioclimate,marine hydrological environment and topography.[Result]The optimal potential distribution areas of different tree species were different.Bruguiera sexangula and Ceriops tagal were mainly distributed in the northern and eastern coastal areas,while Rhizophora stylosa and Avicennia marina were more prevalent in the western and southern coastal areas.The key environmental factors affecting the distribution of different tree species,such as isothermality,mean temperature of the driest season and mean nitrate,had different suitable ranges.[Conclusion]Restoration and replanting efforts for mangroves in Hainan should consider the species-specific suitability.In the western and southern regions,priority should be given to Avicennia marina,followed by Rhizophora stylosa.In the northern and eastern coastal regions,Bruguiera sexangula and Ceriops tagal should be prioritized.Restoration priority areas should be centered on Dongzhai Harbor in the north;Tielu Harbor,Qingmei Harbor and Sanya River in the south;Qinglan Bay,Fengjiawan,Shamei,Xiaohai and Xincun in the east;and Xinying Harbor,Xinying Bay,Sibiwan and Baisha River wetland in the west,with gradual expansion to the surrounding areas.