安徽农业科学

[目的]提升城市绿地映山红的生长势和开花质量。[方法]以白云山鸣春谷景区种植的映山红为研究对象，对比分析了改良区域(T处理)与非改良区域(CK)映山红生长指标、土壤理化性质及二者间的相关性。[结果]T处理映山红的株高、冠幅、叶面积等生长指标较CK分别提高了7.5%、10.4%和15.8%,整体的生长势提升22.7%;T处理着花量和开花率显著优于CK,分别提升20.9%和21.7%,观赏价值大幅提高；T处理映山红根鲜重和根活力较CK分别增加31.5%和24.6%,土壤改良促进了映山红根系生长；土壤理化性质的测定结果进一步印证了土壤改良的显著效果。T处理土壤pH降低1.88,与CK差异显著；土壤EC值、有机质含量和通气度分别提高1 200.0%、313.2%和159.6%,容重下降21.9%;映山红的生理生长、开花质量与土壤pH、有机质含量和通气度存在显著相关性。[结论]施加酸性改良剂对映山红立地土壤改良效果显著，不仅促进了映山红地上与地下部分的生长，还改善了开花效果，有效地提升了映山红生态功能和观赏价值。

[Objective]To improve the growth potential and flowering quality of Rhododendron simsii in urban green spaces.[Method]This study took Rhododendron simsii planted in Mingchun Valley Scenic Area of Baiyun Mountain as the research object, and comparatively analyzed the growth indexes, soil physical and chemical properties, and their correlations between the improved area(T) and the non-improved area(CK).[Result]The results showed that: The growth indexes such as plant height, crown width, and leaf area of Rhododendron simsii in treatment T increased by 7.5%,10.4%,and 15.8% respectively compared with CK,and the overall growth potential increased by 22.7%;the flowering amount and flowering rate of T were significantly better than those of CK,increasing by 20.9% and 21.7% respectively, which greatly improved the ornamental value; the root fresh weight and root activity of Rhododendron simsii in T increased by 31.5% and 24.6% respectively compared with CK,indicating that soil improvement promoted the root growth of Rhododendron simsii;the determination results of soil physical and chemical properties further confirmed the significant effect of soil improvement.The soil pH value in T decreased by 1.88,showing a significant difference from CK;at the same time, the soil EC value, organic matter content, and aeration increased by 1 200.0%,313.2%,and 159.6% respectively, and the bulk density decreased by 21.9%;there was a significant correlation between the physiological growth, flowering quality of Rhododendron simsii and soil pH value, organic matter content, and aeration.[Conclusion]The application of acid amendments has a significant effect on improving the soil in the Rhododendron simsii habitat, which not only promotes the growth of aboveground and underground parts of Rhododendron simsii,but also improves the flowering effect, effectively enhancing the ecological function and ornamental value of Rhododendron simsii.