| 155 | 0 | 106 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
桑黄多糖具有抗肿瘤、调节免疫等多种药理活性，在医药保健及功能性食品领域应用前景广阔。其提取工艺主要包括热水浸提法、超声提取法、微波提取法及酶解法等，不同工艺在提取率、纯度、可操作性及成本等方面各有优劣。当前，桑黄多糖提取及活性功能研究虽取得一定进展，但仍存在提取工艺不成熟、活性不稳定等问题。系统阐述了各提取工艺的特点及应用效果，并综述了桑黄多糖的多种药理活性及相关作用机制，旨在为深入研究其药理功效及推动其向保健品、药品等方向转化提供参考。
Abstract：Phellinus igniarius polysaccharides(PIPs) exhibit diverse pharmacological activities such as antitumor effects and immunomodulation,holding broad application prospects in the fields of healthcare,pharmaceuticals,and functional foods.Its extraction technologies mainly include hot water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted extraction,microwave-assisted extraction,and enzymatic hydrolysis,etc.Different processes have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of extraction rate,purity,operability,and cost.Although significant progress has been made in the research on the extraction and bioactive functions of PIPs,there are still problems such as immature extraction processes and unstable biological activities.This paper systematically elaborates on the characteristics and application effects of various extraction technologies,and summarizes the multiple pharmacological activities of PIPs as well as their related mechanisms of action,aiming to provide a reference for in-depth research on its pharmacological efficacy and the transformation of achievements into health products,pharmaceuticals,and other products.
[1]吴声华，戴玉成．药用真菌桑黄的种类解析[J]．菌物学报，2020,39(5):781-794．
[2]马军成，魏娟茹，王雪茹，等．桑黄提取物抗炎和抗新冠病毒作用研究[J]．菌物学报，2024,43(1):93-105．
[3]Gao H,Yin C M,Li C,et al.Phenolic profile,antioxidation and anti-proliferation activity of phenolic-rich extracts fromSanghuangporus vaninii[J].Curr Res Food Sci,2023,6:100519．
[4]孙恺婧，刘馨泽，金鑫，等．暴马桑黄的抗肿瘤活性成分及其作用机制研究进展[J]．生物技术进展，2024,14(6):929-936．
[5]王战伟．暴马桑黄子实体多糖提取工艺优化及对神经细胞氧化损伤的保护作用[D]．长春：长春师范大学，2024．
[6]常悦，吴悦，郭建峰，等．杨树桑黄多糖对糖尿病大鼠的降血糖效果及心肌保护作用[J]．食品工业科技，2025,46(2):358-366．
[7]曲芸鹤，王锐，张平平，等．桑树桑黄多糖提取工艺优化及其细胞毒性检测[J]．长春师范大学学报，2024,43(12):108-112．
[8]Cheng J W,Song J L,Wei H L,et al.Structural characterization and hypoglycemic activity of an intracellular polysaccharide fromSanghuangporus Sanghuang mycelia[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2020,164:3305-3314．
[9]Zuo K,Tang K J,Liang Y,et al.Purification and antioxidant and anti-Inflammatory activity of extracellular polysaccharopeptide from Sanghuang mushroom,Sanghuangporus lonicericola[J].J Sci Food Agric,2021,101(3):1009-1020．
[10]Yu K,Tan Z,Xin Y.Systematic evaluation of the anti-tumor effect of Phellinus linteuspolysaccharide in thyroid carcinomain vitro[J].Mol Biol Rep,2022,49(4):2785-2793．
[11]张强，韦婉珍，罗小莉，等．响应面优化南酸枣叶多糖的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性[J]．食品研究与开发，2021,42(22):150-156．
[12]方嘉沁，郑青松，文雨欣，等．不同提取方法的莲子心多糖结构与理化性质比较[J]．现代食品科技，2023,39(1):92-103．
[13]赵玉红，王静，金秀明．超声波辅助酶法提取榛子壳色素工艺条件的研究[J]．中国调味品，2010,35(4):110-114．
[14]范露露，陈渝林，孙旭，等．柳芽粗多糖超声辅助提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性分析[J]．饲料工业，2024,45(3):82-87．
[15]徐宜彬，刘运伟，李阳，等．塔拉多糖超声提取及其自由基清除能力研究[J]．森林工程，2024,40(2):168-175．
[16]汪文丽，曲晓营，朱晓明，等．金刚藤多糖的微波辅助提取及体外抗氧化、降血糖活性分析[J]．湖北科技学院学报（医学版），2024,38(1):11-16,29．
[17]许飞利，王丹凤，刘志博．微波法提取黑果枸杞多糖工艺条件优化[J]．商洛学院学报，2023,37(6):69-74．
[18]郭树凡，蔡天革，李辉，等．微波辅助提取桑黄多糖的工艺研究[J]．特产研究，2008,30(1):22-25．
[19]王洪伟，崔崇士，徐雅琴．南瓜多糖复合酶法提取及纯化的研究[J]．食品科学，2007,28(8):247-249．
[20]徐锁玉．植物多糖提取工艺的研究进展[J]．食品安全导刊，2018(30):144-145．
[21]刘书彤，吴磊，刘兆昱，等．响应面法优化酶法提取羊肚菌菌柄多糖工艺研究[J]．农产品加工，2024(1):57-62．
[22]冉婧，张春霞，肖遥，等．桑黄提取物抑制circ_0012129表达阻碍结直肠癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的分子机制[J]．中国老年学杂志，2023,43(9):2257-2262．
[23]乔羽，项楠，周忠光，等．桦褐孔菌醇提物对胃癌模型裸鼠和BGC-823胃癌细胞Ras/MAPK信号通路的影响[J]．中医药信息，2023,40(11):7-12．
[24]Yang Y,Zhang L,Chen Q,et al.Antitumor effects of extract of the oak bracket medicinal mushroom,Phellinus baumii (Agaricomycetes),on human melanoma cells A375in vitroandin vivo[J].Int J Med Mushrooms,2020,22(2):197-209．
[25]王贵宾，董露璐，姬媛媛，等．鲍姆木层孔菌多糖对HepG2细胞增殖及侵袭相关能力的抑制作用[J]．菌物学报，2011,30(2):288-294．
[26]朱蕴兰，陈安徽，邵颖，等．不同提取方法的桑黄多糖对果蝇的抗衰老作用[J]．食品与发酵工业，2026,52(4):287-294．
[27]曹乃馨，罗阳兰，阎勇，等．桑树桑黄JM-1胞外多糖液态培养基优化及其抗氧化性研究[J]．浙江农业学报，2024,36(6):1245-1255．
[28]王得成，张晨琳，李艳茸，等．杨树桑黄提取物主要成分及抗氧化活性分析[J]．长春师范大学学报，2024,43(12):101-107．
[29]叶卓妍，周家淇，林丹媛，等．杨树桑黄多糖提取条件优化及其抑菌活性研究[J]．生物技术通报，2024,40(11):58-67．
[30]伞迦楠．长白山三种桑黄比较研究[D]．长春：吉林大学，2020．
[31]Zheng M Y,Wang L,Sun Y Q,et al.Hypoglycemic effect of thePhellinus baumiiextract withα-glucosidase-inhibited activity and its modulation to gut microbiota in diabetic patients[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2023,158:114130．
[32]陆龙喜，李晔，陆烨，等．桑黄提取物的抑菌性能研究[J]．中国消毒学杂志，2020,37(6):406-409．
[33]Gu X M,Shi Y J,Chen X J,et al.Isoliquiritigenin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathyviainhibition of hyperglycemia-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress[J].Phytomedicine,2020,78:153319．
[34]Ding T Q,Wen B,Chen J,et al.Excess homocysteine inhibits pancreaticβ-cell secretory function by repressing Zbtb20 expression[J].Mol Cell Endocrinol,2024,586:112195．
[35]范俐红，殷朝敏，张琪，等．杨树桑黄与粗毛纤孔菌醇提物化学组成、体外抗氧化活性与降血糖潜力比较[J]．现代食品科技，2025,41(11):117-126．
[36]Yin C M,Li Y H,Li J T,et al.Gastrointestinal digestion,probiotic fermentation behaviors and immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus vaninii[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2022,223:606-617．
[37]Ma X K,She X,Peterson E C,et al.A newly characterized exopolysaccharide fromSanghuangporusSanghuang[J].J Microbiol,2019,57(9):812-820．
[38]张正平，李坤正，巨虎，等．桑黄多糖调控MICB/NKG2D信号通路增强机体对脑胶质瘤细胞的免疫监视作用[J]．中国免疫学杂志，2023,39(3):578-585．
[39]赵立磊．桑黄多糖在对乙酰氨基酚诱导急性肝损伤中的保护作用研究[D]．长春：吉林大学，2022．
[40]李昆展，王颖，郑佳，等．基于Nrf2信号通路探析桑黄多糖对运动疲劳小鼠肝损伤的保护作用[J]．现代食品科技，2024,40(6):20-28．
[41]刘金泽．杨树桑黄多糖改善毒死蜱诱导肝损伤的作用研究[D]．长春：吉林农业大学，2024．
[42]桑黄：乡村振兴的“新引擎”[J]．山西农经，2022(4):66．
[43]Liu J Z,Song J Y,Gao F S,et al.Extraction,purification,and structural characterization of polysaccharides fromSanghuangporus vaniniiwith anti-inflammatory activity[J].Molecules,2023,28(16):6081．
[44]宋吉玲，王伟科，闫静，等．药用真菌桑黄抗氧化物质及其活性研究[J]．西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版），2022,50(3):144-154．
[45]Liu M M,Zeng P,Li X T,et al.Antitumor and immunomodulation activities of polysaccharide fromPhellinus baumii[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2016,91:1199-1205．
[46]胡晓彤，叶玉洁，石光，等．桑黄子实体多糖的提取及其对D-半乳糖诱导的3T3细胞损伤的保护作用[J]．食品科学，2020,41(19):204-211．
[47]Wan X L,Jin X,Wu X M,et al.Structural characterisation and antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer of polysaccharides fromSanghuangporusvaninii[J].Carbohydr Polym,2022,276:118798．
[48]Im K H,Baek S A,Choi J,et al.Antioxidant,anti-melanogenic and antiwrinkle effects ofPhellinus vaninii[J].Mycobiology,2019,47(4):494-505．
[49]郝洁．杨树桑黄子实体及其纯化多糖降血脂功效研究[D]．长春：吉林大学，2024．
[50]Zhang Z F,Song T T,Chen J F,et al.Recovery of a hypolipidemic polysaccharide from artificially cultivatedSanghuangporus vaniniiwith an effective method[J].Front Nutr,2023,9:1095556．
[51]Yin C M,Li Y H,Li J T,et al.Gastrointestinal digestion,probiotic fermentation behaviors and immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus vaninii[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2022,223:606-617.
基本信息:
中图分类号:R285;R284.2
引用信息:
[1]叶晶晶,王香君,曹宁宁,等.桑黄多糖提取及药理活性研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2026,54(16):5-8.
基金信息:
四川省科技计划项目(2024YFCY0009); 2023年中央引导地方科技发展项目(23ZYCXCP0103,2025ZYD0131); 南充市科技计划项目(25YYJCYJ0025,25XCZX0009)
2026-01-14
2026
2026-02-23
2026-02-26
2026
1
2026-08-28
2026-08-28