安徽农业科学

粒重和每穗实粒数等是水稻重要且稳定遗传的产量构成因子。在当前水稻丝苗米时代，采用大粒重和高结实率的水稻亲本增加杂交水稻的遗传距离，增强杂种优势，对提高杂交水稻产量并保持一定的品质具有重要意义。该研究对相关不育系和父本的主要农艺性状的表现、变异和相关性进行分析，提出中籼杂交水稻主要的农艺性状选育指标，并对重点不育系和父本作出评价，为进一步利用该不育系和父本及高产杂交水稻品种选育提供参考。

Grain weight and grain number per panicle are important and stable genetic yield components of rice.It has great significance to increase the genetic distance and enhance heterosis of hybrid rice by using rice parents with large grain weight and high seed setting rate in the current era of “simiao” rice, so as to improve the yield of hybrid rice and maintain a certain quality.This paper proposed the main agronomic traits breeding indexes of medium indica hybrid rice, and evaluated the key sterile lines and paternal parents tested by analyzing the performance, variation and correlation of the main agronomic traits of the sterile lines and paternal parents tested.This work provided a reference for further breeding of these sterile lines and paternal lines and high-yield hybrid rice varieties.