刘文利;叶建军;余世孝;孙淑玲;李恒威;魏道江;

• 1:电子科大中山学院
• 2:中山大学生命科学学院
• 3:襄樊学院建筑工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

[目的]建立快速、标准化测定景天类、马齿苋类植物耐旱性的评价方法。[方法]以佛甲草、松叶景天、毛马齿苋为试验对象,比较了它们的叶片结构,研究了人工气候箱模拟高温干旱胁迫对它们形态特征及生理生化指标的影响,并探讨了上述指标对快速评价3种植物抗旱性的有效性。[结果]用人工气候箱模拟干旱胁迫能显著提高3种植物耐旱性的筛选效率,建议以此为基础建立景天类、马齿苋类植物快速评价方法;叶片结构特征和形态变化与水分代谢紧密相关,可作为3种植物耐旱性评价的基本依据;干旱胁迫后,叶绿素和游离脯氨酸含量差异反映了3种植物对干旱胁迫的敏感程度,可作为耐旱性评价的参考;SOD、POD活性与3种植物对干旱的抵抗力不一致,不宜作为耐旱性评价的指标。[结论]综合叶片解剖学、形态变化及复水试验结果,得到耐旱性强弱为毛马齿苋>佛甲草>松叶景天。

关键词(KeyWords)： 屋顶绿化;人工气候箱;景天类;马齿苋类;抗旱性;快速评价;生理生化指标

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 湖北省教育厅青年项目(Q20102606,B20112601)

作者(Author): 刘文利;叶建军;余世孝;孙淑玲;李恒威;魏道江;

Email:

DOI: 10.13989/j.cnki.0517-6611.2011.23.192

参考文献(References)：

• [1]黄卫昌,秦俊,胡永红,等.屋顶绿化植物的选择———景天类植物在上海地区的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(6):1041-1043.
• [2]OBERNDORFERE,LUNDHOLMJ,BASSB,etal.Greenro of sasurbane-cosystems:Ecological structures,functions,and services[J].Bio Science,2007,57:823-833.
• [3]LARAMV,DRINCOVICH M F,ANDREO C S.Induction of a Crassu-lacean acid like metabolismin the succulent C4succulent plant,PortulacaoleraceaL.:Studyof enzymes involved in carbon fixation and carbohydratemetabolism[J].Plant and Cell Physiology,2004,45:618-626.
• [4]GURALNICKLJ,EDWARDSG,KUMSB,etal.Photosynthetic and ana-tomical characteristics in the C4-crassulacean acid metabolism-cyclingplant,Portulaca grandiflora[J].Functional Plant Biology,2002,29:763-773.
• [5]张斌,胡永红,刘庆华.几种屋顶绿化景天植物的耐旱性研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):272-276.
• [6]周伟伟,王雁,杜静.干旱胁迫对景天属植物生理生化特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(6):829-834.
• [7]张杰,胡永红,李海英,等.轻型屋顶绿化景天属植物的耐旱性研究[J].北方园艺,2007(1):122-124.
• [8]黎裕.作物抗旱鉴定方法与指标[J].干旱地区农业研究,1993,11(1):91-99.
• [9]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:134-139.
• [10]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2003:123-130.
• [11]APOSTOL K G,JACOBS D F,DUMROESE R K.Root desiccation anddrought stressresponsesofbarerootQuercus rubraseedlingstreated withahydrophilic polymer root dip[J].Plant and Soil,2009,315(1/2):229-240.
• [12]SAIJOY,HATA S,KYOZUKA J,et al.Over-expression of a single de-pendent protein kinase confers both cold and salt/drought tolerance onrice plants[J].The Plant Journal,2000,23(3):319-327.
• [13]SCHULZE E D,LANGE O L,KAPPEN L,et al.Stomatal response tochanges in temperature atincreasingwaterstress[J].Planta,1973,110:29-42.
• [14]周智彬,李培军.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究[J].干旱区研究,2002,19(1):35-40.
• [15]SMITHJ AC,NOBELPS.Water movement and storage in a desert suc-culent:Anatomy and rehydration kinetics for leaves ofAgave deserti[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1986,37:1044-1053.
• [16]CASPER B B,FORSETHI N,KEMPENICHH,et al.Drought prolongsleaf life span in the herbaceous desert perennialCryptantha flava[J].Functional Ecology,2001,15:740-747.
• [17]高小燕.几种景天科植物抗旱性及其生理机制的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009:58-69.
• [18]贺亚川,俎伟华,王琴,等.6种多浆植物耐旱性初步比较[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(3):127-130.
• [19]齐伟,张吉旺,王空军,等.干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性玉米杂交种产量和根系生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(1):48-52.
• [20]曹慧,兰彦平,王孝威,等.水分胁迫对短枝型果树光合速率日变化的影响[J].山西农业科学,2000,28(3):48-51.
• [21]覃鹏,刘叶菊,刘飞虎.干旱处理对烟草叶片SOD和POD活性的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2005(2):28-30.
• [22]YAMADAM,MORISHITAH,URANOK,etal.Effects of free proline ac-cumulation inPetuniasunder drought stress[J].Journal of ExperimentalBotany,2005,56(417):1975-1981.
• [23]刘娥娥,宗会,郭振飞,等.干旱、盐和低温胁迫对水稻幼苗脯氨酸含量的影响[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2000,8(3):235-238.
• [24]宋海鹏,刘君,李秀玲,等.干旱胁迫对5种景天属植物生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(1):11-15.
• [25]陈坤荣,王永义.加勒比松耐旱性生理特征研究[J].西南林学院学报,1997,17(4):5-9.
• [26]KYPARISSISA,MANETASY.Seasonal leafdimorphismina semi-decid-uous Mediterranean shrub:Ecophysiological comparisons between winterand summer leaves[J].Acta Oecologica,1993,14:23-32.
• [27]KYPARISSIS A,PETROPOULOU Y,MANETAS Y.Summer survival ofleaves in a soft-leaved shrub(Phlomis fruticosaL.Labiatae)underMedi-terranean field conditions:Avoidance of photoinhibitory damage throughdecreased chlorophyll contents[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1995,46:1825-1831.
• [28]KYPARISSIS A,DRILIAS P,MANETAS Y.Seasonal fluctuations in pho-toprotective(xanthophyll cycle)and photoselective(chlorophylls)ca-pacity in eight Mediterranean plant species belonging to two differentgrowth forms[J].Australian Journal PlantPhysiology,2000,27:265-272.
• [29]MORI I C,UTSUGI S,TANAKAMARUS,et al.Biomarkers of green roofvegetation:Anthocyanin and chlorophyll as stress marker pigments forplant stresses of roof environments[J].Journal of Environmental Engi-neering and Management,2009,19(1):21-27.